Bug #120031 Inconsistent INTERSECT Results in Derived Tables: Impact of PRIMARY KEY on JSON_OBJECTAGG and LEAST Operators
Submitted: 11 Mar 14:48 Modified: 11 Mar 20:46
Reporter: b a Email Updates:
Status: Verified Impact on me:
None 
Category:MySQL Server: Optimizer Severity:S3 (Non-critical)
Version:8.4.8 OS:Any
Assigned to: CPU Architecture:Any
Tags: derived-table, intersect, logical-bug, Optimizer

[11 Mar 14:48] b a
Description:
Two tables containing identical data produce different query results depending on whether a `PRIMARY KEY` is defined.  
When a table with a `PRIMARY KEY` is used, an `INTERSECT` query wrapped in a derived table unexpectedly returns a row.  
However, the same query correctly returns an empty set when executed directly.

If the `PRIMARY KEY` is removed (while keeping the table data identical), the derived-table query also returns an empty set.  
Since the underlying data is the same in both cases, the results should be identical.

This indicates that MySQL may incorrectly evaluate or optimize the `INTERSECT` operation inside a derived table when a `PRIMARY KEY` is present.

How to repeat:
Case 1: Table with `PRIMARY KEY`

```sql
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS test;
CREATE DATABASE test;
USE test;

CREATE TABLE t0(
  c0 FLOAT,
  c1 DOUBLE PRIMARY KEY
);

INSERT INTO t0(c1) VALUES(1);

SELECT 1 AS c6
FROM (
    SELECT tom2.c1 AS c1
    FROM t0 AS tom2
    INTERSECT
    SELECT JSON_OBJECTAGG('2025','2025') AS c4
    FROM t0
    WHERE LEAST(X'68656C6C6F', X'68656C6C6F')
) AS tom6;
```

Result:

```
+----+
| c6 |
+----+
|  1 |
+----+
1 row in set
```

Direct execution of the `INTERSECT` query:

```sql
SELECT tom2.c1 AS c1
FROM t0 AS tom2
INTERSECT
SELECT JSON_OBJECTAGG('2025','2025') AS c4
FROM t0
WHERE LEAST(X'68656C6C6F', X'68656C6C6F');
```

Result:

```
Empty set
```

Case 2: Table without `PRIMARY KEY` (same data)

```sql
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS test;
CREATE DATABASE test;
USE test;

CREATE TABLE t0(
  c0 FLOAT,
  c1 DOUBLE
);

INSERT INTO t0(c1) VALUES(1);

SELECT 1 AS c6
FROM (
    SELECT tom2.c1 AS c1
    FROM t0 AS tom2
    INTERSECT
    SELECT JSON_OBJECTAGG('2025','2025') AS c4
    FROM t0
    WHERE LEAST(X'68656C6C6F', X'68656C6C6F')
) AS tom6;
```

Result:

```
Empty set
```

The two tables contain identical data, so the query results should be the same.
[11 Mar 15:00] b a
the version is 8.4.8
[11 Mar 20:46] Roy Lyseng
Thank you for the bug report.
Verified as described.